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About Hungary and the capital, Budapest

The national flag of Hungary	Borderline map of Hungary
Flag description: three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and green; the flag dates to the national movement of the 18th and 19th centuries, and fuses the medieval colors of the Hungarian coat of arms with the revolutionary tricolor form of the French flag; folklore attributes virtues to the colors: red for strength, white for faithfulness, and green for hope; alternatively, the red is seen as being for the blood spilled in defense of the land, white for freedom, and green for the pasturelands that make up so much of the country.	Border length: total: 2,106 km. Border countries (total: 7): Austria 321 km, Croatia 348 km, Romania 424 km, Serbia 164 km, Slovakia 627 km, Slovenia 94 km, Ukraine 128 km.

About Budapest

Budapest has a glorious history, having once rivaled its neighboring Vienna under the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. But don’t let the city’s rich past fool you: The Budapest of today buzzes with a culture that is becoming more and more dynamically European. A vibrant young generation is proof of this. While the political elite continues to argue about the past, the youth are concentrating on the future. They’re becoming multilingual; they’re creating new film festivals and fashion shows. The scene they’re developing is vibrant and fun – if a bit secretive and cliquish. While it might take some time to enter into their world, it’s a pleasurable journey in the end. They are playing catchup, living off the seat of their pants.

Did you know about Hungary?

• Part of Austria-Hungary until 1918, Hungary became part of the communist bloc from 1945–-1989.
• The Hungarian language is Asian in origin and is most closely related to Finnish.
• Budapest, the capital of Hungary, was once two cities, with Buda and its magnificent castle on one side of the River Danube and Pest on the other.

Hungary is a landlocked country sharing borders with Austria, Slovenia, Croatia, Yugoslavia, Romania, and Ukraine. It is a region of plains ringed by the high mountain ranges of neighboring countries. The main topographical feature is the Great Plain or Great Alföld.

The Danube and its tributaries, being navigable, form an important part of the country’s transportation system and are the source of most of the country’s water for domestic and industrial needs. About 18 percent of the country covered with forest.

Hungary has traditionally been an agricultural country and around half the land area is suitable for agriculture, although irrigation is necessary to ensure productivity. Hungary is relatively poor in mineral resources and heavily reliant upon imports of oil and coal to supply its energy needs although over 40 percent of electricity generated by nuclear power. The economy has a sizeable industrial base and tourism also makes a significant contribution to the economy. Hungary’s capital, the beautiful ancient city of Budapest, and Lake Balaton are two of Hungary’s most popular tourist destinations.

Facts of Hungary (HU)

Name conventional long form: none, conventional short form: Hungary, local long form: none, local short form: Magyarorszag, etymology: the Byzantine Greeks refered to the tribes that arrived on the steppes of Eastern Europe in the 9th century as the “Oungroi,” a name that was later Latinized to “Ungri” and which became “Hungari”; the name originally meant an “[alliance of] ten tribes”; the Hungarian name “Magyarorszag” means “Land of the Magyars”; the term may derive from the most prominent of the Hungarian tribes, the Megyer
Codes: ISO; HU, Internet; .hu
Capital city: Budapest
Language(s): Hungarian (official language) 99.6%, English 16%, German 11.2%, Russian 1.6%, Romanian 1.3%, French 1.2%, other 4.2%. Note: shares sum to more than 100% because some respondents gave more than one answer on the census; Hungarian is the mother tongue of 98.9% of Hungarian speakers (2011 estimate)
National holiday(s): Saint Stephen’s Day, 20 August
Motto: N/A
Currency: Hungarian forint (HUF), since 1946
GPS: 47 00 N, 20 00 E, Budapest; 47 30 N 19 05 E
Location: Central Europe, northwest of Romania
Geography note: landlocked country; strategic location astride main land routes between Western Europe and Balkan Peninsula as well as between Ukraine and Mediterranean basin; the north-south flowing Duna (Danube) and Tisza Rivers divide the country into three large regions
Land boundaries: Austria 321 km, Croatia 348 km, Romania 424 km, Serbia 164 km, Slovakia 627 km, Slovenia 94 km, Ukraine 128 km, total: 2,106 km
Maritime boundaries: N/A
Coastline: 0 km (landlocked country)
Area: total: 93,028 sq km; land: 89,608 sq km, water: 3,420 sq km (total 35 918,30 mi2), slightly smaller than Virginia; about the same size as Indiana.
Roadways: total: 203,601 km, paved: 77,087 km (includes 1,582 km of expressways), unpaved: 126,514 km (2014)
Waterways: 1,622 km (most on Danube River) (2011)
Local time (capital): UTC+1, 6 hours ahead of Washington DC during Standard Time
Note to the local time: Daylight saving time: +1hr begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Population in Hungary: 9 688 847
Population in Budapest: 2 597 000 (including the metropolitan areas)
Urbanization: urban population: 71.2% of total population (2015)
Major urban areas population: BUDAPEST (capital) 1.714 million (2015)
Population growth rate: -0.24% (2016 estimate)
Birth rate: 9.1 births / 1,000 population (2016 estimate)
Death rate: 12.8 deaths / 1,000 population (2016 estimate)
Age structure: 0-14 years: 14.76% (male 750,516 / female 706,780) 15-24 years: 11.19% (male 570,097 / female 534,856) 25-54 years: 41.74% (male 2,071,865 / female 2,049,939) 55-64 years: 13.66% (male 620,362 / female 728,387) 65 years and over: 18.65% (male 693,609 / female 1,148,373) (2016 estimate)
Median age: total: 41.8 years; male: 39.9 years, female: 44.1 years (2016 estimate)
Ethnic groups: Hungarian 85.6%, Roma 3.2%, German 1.9%, other 2.6%, unspecified 14.1%note: percentages add up to more than 100% because respondents were able to identify more than one ethnic group (2011 estimate)
Religions: Roman Catholic 37.2%, Calvinist 11.6%, Lutheran 2.2%, Greek Catholic 1.8%, other 1.9%, none 18.2%, unspecified 27.2% (2011 estimate)
Government type: Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic
Legal system: civil legal system influenced by the German model
National anthem: Himnusz
Known national hazards: N/A
Major infectious diseases: The degree of risk(s): intermediatevectorborne diseases: tickborne encephalitis (2016)
Land use: agricultural land: 58.9%; arable land 48.5%; permanent crops 2%; permanent pasture 8.4%; forest: 22.5%; other: 18.6% (2011 estimate)
Agricultural products: wheat, corn, sunflower seed, potatoes, sugar beets; pigs, cattle, poultry, dairy products
Industries: mining, metallurgy, construction materials, processed foods, textiles, chemicals (especially pharmaceuticals), motor vehicles
Export commodities: machinery and equipment 53.5%, other manufactures 31.2%, food products 8.7%, raw materials 3.4%, fuels and electricity 3.9% (2012 estimate)
Main export partners: Germany 28%, Romania 5.4%, Slovakia 5.1%, Austria 5%, Italy 4.8%, France 4.7%, UK 4%, Czech Republic 4% (2015)
Import commodities: machinery and equipment 45.4%, other manufactures 34.3%, fuels and electricity 12.6%, food products 5.3%, raw materials 2.5% (2012)
Main import partners: Germany 25.8%, China 6.7%, Austria 6.6%, Poland 5.5%, Slovakia 5.3%, France 5%, Czech Republic 4.8%, Netherlands 4.6%, Italy 4.5% (2015)

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